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不可數名詞 (Uncountable Nouns)
不可數名詞指實質或概念無法分割的名詞，既然不可數，也就無單、複數可言。
不可數名詞無複數形, 必須使用單數動詞。
物質名詞、抽象名詞和專有名詞均為不可數名詞。
不可數名詞可以搭配其他的字（例如：some, a lot of, little,…）來表示量的多寡。
範例
不可數名詞範例| news (新聞) | advice (諮詢、忠告) | information (資訊) | | work (工作) | travel (旅遊) | weather (天氣) | | luggage (行李) | progress (進展) | love (愛) | | money (金錢) | furniture (傢俱) | homework (作業) | | water (水) | bread (麵包) | milk (牛奶) | | wealth (財富) | attention (注意力) | electricity (電) |
- 當我們出國時，一些傢俱被偷了。
- Some furnitures were stolen when we went abroad.
- Some pieces of furniture were stolen when we went abroad.
- 人需要更多的勇氣活下去，而不是自殺。
- One needs more courages to live than to kill himself.
- One needs more courage to live than to kill himself.
不可數名詞無複數形, 故用單數動詞。
Does great wealth bring happiness?
巨大的財富會帶來幸福嗎？
Your luggage looks heavy.
你的行李看起來很重。
- 在國內航班上，乘客可以托運兩件行李並攜帶一件隨身行李。
- On domestic flights, passengers are allowed to check in two luggages and have one carry-on.
- On domestic flights, passengers are allowed to check in two pieces of luggage and have one carry-on.
不可數名詞前面不能有不定冠詞 a/an，但可以有定冠詞 the。加定冠詞表示特定的，不加定冠詞則泛指一般性的。
Where's the money I gave you yesterday?
我昨天給你的錢哪裡去呢？
Money does not grow on trees.
錢來之不易。(錢不會長在樹上、伸手可得)
- 這是則非常有用的信息。
- That is a very useful information.
- That is very useful information.
- 英國宣布獨立。(英國公投脫離歐盟成功)
- Britain declares an independence.
- Britain declares independence.
以 -s 結尾的不可數名詞
下表這些字雖然都是以 -s 結尾，看似複數，其實都是不可數名詞，因此後面都要用單數動詞。
-s 結尾的的不可數名詞| athletics (體育) | civics (市政學) | economics (經濟學) | | ethics (倫理學) | genetics (遺傳學) | gymnastics (體操) | | mathematics (數學) | mumps (腮腺炎) | damages (賠償金) | | news (新聞) | optics (光學) | phonetics (語音學) | | physics (物理學) | politics (政治) | rickets (軟骨病) |
Politics is boring!
政治是無聊的！
- 數十年來政治都在這個過程裡發揮了作用，它不會很快就消失。
- Politics have played a role in this process for decades, and it's not going away any time soon.
- Politics has played a role in this process for decades, and it's not going away any time soon.
- 我們今天沒有聽到任何來自醫院的消息，但是我認為沒有消息就是好消息。
- We haven't heard anything from the hospital today, but I suppose no news are good news.
- We haven't heard anything from the hospital today, but I suppose no news is good news.
不可數名詞可以用 little/much 等來修飾。
Why is so much wealth in the hands of the few?
為什麼少數人手中握有這麼多財富？
Police have little information on priest's killer.
警方幾乎沒有任何關於牧師的兇手的信息。
a ~ of + 不可數名詞
不可數名詞可以搭配 a ~ of 來表示量的多寡。讀者應熟記加諸於各種不可數名詞前所使用單位數量的字。
請填入適當單位數量的字
- a bottle of wine (一瓶葡萄酒)
- a keg of beer (一小桶啤酒)
- a bar of soap (一塊肥皂)
- a tube of toothpaste (一管牙膏)
- a roll of toilet paper (一卷衛生紙)
- a pair of scissors (一把剪刀)
- a column of smoke (一柱煙霧)
- a wad of paper (一團縐報紙)
- a tuft of hair (一簇頭髮)
請將正確答案拖放到適當的空格內，再按Solve鈕看結果。
- a of cake (一塊蛋糕)
- a of flour (一袋麵粉)
- a of bread (一條麵包)
- a of ice (一個冰塊)
- a of salt (一粒鹽)
- a of celery (一稈芹菜)
- a of garlic (一顆大蒜)
- a of coffee (一杯咖啡)
bag
clove
cube
cup
grain
loaf
piece
stalk
量詞 some 和 any 可以用在可數名詞上，也可以用在不可數名詞上
| 可數名詞 | 不可數名詞 |
| some | I have been studying English for some years now. | Would you like some milk? | | 我一直在學習英語已經好幾年了。 | 你要喝點牛奶嗎？ | | any | Are there any messages for me? | I do not have any money. | | 是否有任何給我的訊息？ | 我沒有什麼錢。 |
我們也可以用 "a little" 和 "much" 用在不可數名詞上(比較："a few" 和 "many" 用在可數名詞上)
There's only a little meat left.
只剩下一點肉了。
How much work needs to be done?
有多少工作需要做呢？
一般流質如： milk (牛奶), wine (酒), water (水), beer (啤酒) 等都屬於不可數名詞，我們不能說 a milk, a water, ..., 通常的用法是前面加 "a ~ of" ：
| a | bottle
glass
jar | of | milk (牛奶)
wine (酒)
water (水)
beer (啤酒) |
不可數名詞一般可用 "no", "any", "some", "little", "much" 等來修飾。不可數名詞必須使用單數動詞。
| There is | no
any
some
little
much | time
news
water | ... |
- 那個水壺裡還有一些水。
- There are some water in that pitcher.
- There is some water in that pitcher.
- 沒剩多少時間了。
- There are little time left.
- There is little time left.
- 讓我給你一片忠告。
- Let me give you an advice.
- Let me give you a piece of advice.
- 他的忠告永遠是好的。
- His advices are always good.
- His advice is always good.
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